So...

[kandrathe]

I was thinking philosophy on the order of Nietzche, Kant, Aristotle, or Socrates.

The Koran? I think of it as 9th century Arab literature, which reflects the culture at that time. I haven't found much profound or memorable about it. Most disturbing to me are the arguments for the the inferiority of women and the exhortations to violence. In many ways it reminds me of El Cid.

But, as for gems of wisdom... ?

How about Sura 5:33

The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His apostle and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides or they should be imprisoned; this shall be as a disgrace for them in this world, and in the hereafter they shall have a grievous chastisement,

or Sura 5:38

And (as for) the man who steals and the woman who steals, cut off their hands as a punishment for what they have earned, an exemplary punishment from Allah; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.

And, beyond the book, here is a story from the life of "The Prophet".

The first blood shed at Medina under devotion to Muhammad was a woman's.  Asma, daughter of Merwan, belonged to a family which still clung to the ancestral faith.  She made no secret that she disliked Islam, and she composed verses on the folly of putting faith in a stranger who had slain so many of his own people in battle.
These verses quickly spread from mouth to mouth.  The Muslims were offended, and 'Umair, a blind man of Asma's tribe, vowed that he would kill her.  In the dead of night, he crept to the apartment where Asma lay asleep with her children.  Stealthily, he removed her suckling baby and plunged his sword into her breast, pinning her to the couch.  The next morning, in the mosque at prayer, 'Umair acquainted Muhammad ( who was aware of the scheme ) with what he had done.  Muhammad turned to the bystanders and said, "Behold a man that hath assisted the Lord and His prophet.  Call him not blind, call him rather 'Umair,' the seeing."   On his way home 'Umair encountered members of Asma's family who criticized him for the murder.  He defended it openly and threatened the whole clan with the same fate.  They were so alarmed that they pledged loyalty to the Muslim party to avoid a blood-feud.